Ukudibana kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI) kunye neetekhnoloji zemifanekiso ezisemgangathweni kuqalisa ixesha elitsha kwezempilo, kubonelela ngezisombululo ezichanekileyo, ezisebenzayo, nezikhuselekileyo—ekugqibeleni ziphucula iziphumo zokhathalelo lwezigulane.
Kwimeko yezonyango etshintsha ngokukhawuleza namhlanje, ukuqhubela phambili kwimifanekiso kuye kwaguqula ukuchongwa kwezifo, okuvumela ukubonwa kwangaphambili kunye nokubikezela ngcono. Phakathi kwezi zinto zintsha, i-Photon Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) ivelele njengempumelelo eguqulayo. Le teknoloji yemifanekiso yesizukulwana esilandelayo idlula kakhulu iinkqubo ze-computed tomography (CT) eziqhelekileyo ngokubhekiselele ekuchanekeni, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokhuseleko. I-PCCT imiselwe ukuchaza ngokutsha iindlela zokuxilonga kunye nokuphakamisa umgangatho wovavanyo lwezigulane.
Ukubala iFoton Tomography ebalwe kwiKhompyutha (PCCT)
Iinkqubo ze-CT zemveli zixhomekeke kwizixhobo zokubona ezisebenzisa inkqubo enamanyathelo amabini ukuqikelela amandla aphakathi ee-photons ze-X-ray (amasuntswana emitha ye-electromagnetic) ngexesha lokufota. Le ndlela ingafaniswa nokudibanisa imibala eyahlukeneyo yomthubi ibe ngumbala omnye, ofanayo—inkqubo yokulinganisa ethintela iinkcukacha kunye nokucaciswa.
Kwelinye icala, i-PCCT isebenzisa izixhobo zokubona eziphucukileyo ezikwaziyo ukubala ii-photon nganye ngokuthe ngqo ngexesha le-X-ray scan. Oku kuvumela ukwahlula amandla ngokuchanekileyo, okufana nokugcina yonke imibala etyheli eyahlukileyo endaweni yokuyidibanisa ibe yinye. Isiphumo semifanekiso eneenkcukacha eziphezulu, enesisombululo esiphezulu evumela ukuchazwa kwezicubu ezingcono kunye nemifanekiso ye-multispectral, enika ukuchaneka kokuxilongwa okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili.
Ukuchaneka komfanekiso okuphuculweyo
I-Coronary Artery Calcium Score, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-calcium score, luvavanyo lokuxilonga olucelwa rhoqo olusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-calcium deposits kwimithambo yentliziyo. I-score engaphezulu kwama-400 ibonisa ukwakheka okukhulu kwe-plaque, okubeka isigulane emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. Uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha ngakumbi lokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yentliziyo, kusetyenziswa i-CT Coronary Angiogram (CTCA). Olu vavanyo luvelisa imifanekiso emithathu-ntathu (3D) yemithambo yentliziyo ukunceda ekuxilongweni.
Nangona kunjalo, iidiphozithi zecalcium kwimithambo yentliziyo zinokuphazamisa ukuchaneka kwe-CTCA. Ezi diphozithi zinokukhokelela "kwizinto ezidubulayo," apho izinto ezixineneyo, ezifana ne-calcifications, zibonakala zikhulu kunokuba zinjalo ngokwenene. Oku kuphazamiseka kunokubangela ukuqikelelwa kakhulu komlinganiselo wokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi, okunokuchaphazela ukwenziwa kwezigqibo zeklinikhi.
Enye yeenzuzo ezibalaseleyo ze-Photon Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) kukukwazi kwayo ukunika isisombululo esigqwesileyo somfanekiso xa kuthelekiswa nee-CT scanners zemveli. Olu phuculo lobuchwepheshe lunciphisa imida ebangelwa yi-calcifications, lubonelela ngemifanekiso ecacileyo nechanekileyo yemithambo yentliziyo. Ngokunciphisa impembelelo yezinto zakudala, i-PCCT inceda ekunciphiseni iinkqubo zokungenelela ezingeyomfuneko kwaye iphucula ukuthembeka kokuxilonga.
Ukuqhubela phambili ukuChaneka kokuHlola
I-PCCT ikwagqwesa ekwahlukaniseni phakathi kwezicubu ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto, idlula amandla e-CT eqhelekileyo. Umngeni omkhulu kwi-CTCA kukubona imithambo yentliziyo equlethe ii-stents zesinyithi, ezidla ngokwenziwa ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo. Ezi stents zinokwenza izinto ezininzi kwi-CT scans zendabuko, zifihle iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo.
Ngenxa yesisombululo sayo esiphezulu kunye nobuchule obuphambili bokunciphisa izinto ezenziweyo, i-PCCT inika imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe yee-coronary stents. Olu phuculo luvumela oogqirha ukuba bavavanye ii-stents ngokuzithemba okukhulu, nto leyo ephucula ukuchaneka kokuxilongwa kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zesigulana.
Ubuchule Bokuxilonga Obuphuculweyo
Ukubala iFoton Tomography eQokelelweyo (PCCT) idlula i-CT eqhelekileyo kubuchule bayo bokwahlula phakathi kwezicubu ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto. Omnye umqobo omkhulu kwi-CT Coronary Angiography (CTCA) kukuvavanya imithambo yentliziyo equlethe ii-metal stents, ezidla ngokwenziwa ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye ii-alloys. Ezi stents zihlala zivelisa izinto ezininzi kwi-CT scans eziqhelekileyo, zifihla iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo. Isisombululo esiphezulu se-PCCT kunye neendlela eziphambili zokunciphisa izinto ziyenza ikwazi ukuvelisa imifanekiso ebukhali neneenkcukacha ngakumbi yee-stents, nto leyo ephucula kakhulu ukuchaneka kokuxilongwa.
Ukuguqula i-Oncology Imaging
I-PCCT ikwatshintsha nakwicandelo le-oncology, inikezela ngokuchanekileyo okungenakuthelekiswa nanto ekufumaneni nasekuhlalutyeni ithumba. Ingachonga iithumba ezincinci njenge-0.2 mm, ibambe iintsholongwane ezinokuthi zingajongwa yi-CT yendabuko. Ukongeza, amandla ayo okufota nge-multispectral—ukubamba idatha kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo amandla—abonelela ngengcaciso ebalulekileyo malunga nokwakheka kwezicubu. Le fotografi iphucukileyo inceda ukwahlula phakathi kwezicubu ezinobungozi nezinobungozi ngokuchanekileyo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekumiselweni komhlaza ngokuchanekileyo kunye nocwangciso lonyango olusebenzayo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AI kwi-Optimised Diagnostics
Ukudibana kwe-PCCT nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI) kunye nokufunda koomatshini kumiselwe ukuchaza ngokutsha imisebenzi yokufota yokuxilonga. Ii-algorithms ezisebenzisa i-AI ziphucula ukutolikwa kwemifanekiso ye-PCCT, zinceda iingcali ze-radiology ngokuchonga iipateni kunye nokufumanisa izinto ezingaqhelekanga ngokusebenza ngcono. Olu dibaniso lunyusa ukuchaneka kunye nesantya sokuxilonga, luvula indlela yokhathalelo lwezigulane olulula nolusebenzayo.
Ukuchaneka komfanekiso okuphuculweyo
I-Coronary Artery Calcium Score, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-calcium score, luvavanyo lokuxilonga olucelwa rhoqo olusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa i-calcium deposits kwimithambo yentliziyo. I-score engaphezulu kwama-400 ibonisa ukwakheka okukhulu kwe-plaque, okubeka isigulane emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. Uvavanyo oluneenkcukacha ngakumbi lokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yentliziyo, kusetyenziswa i-CT Coronary Angiogram (CTCA). Olu vavanyo luvelisa imifanekiso emithathu-ntathu (3D) yemithambo yentliziyo ukunceda ekuxilongweni.
Nangona kunjalo, iidiphozithi zecalcium kwimithambo yentliziyo zinokuphazamisa ukuchaneka kwe-CTCA. Ezi diphozithi zinokukhokelela "kwizinto ezidubulayo," apho izinto ezixineneyo, ezifana ne-calcifications, zibonakala zikhulu kunokuba zinjalo ngokwenene. Oku kuphazamiseka kunokubangela ukuqikelelwa kakhulu komlinganiselo wokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi, okunokuchaphazela ukwenziwa kwezigqibo zeklinikhi.
Enye yeenzuzo ezibalaseleyo ze-Photon Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) kukukwazi kwayo ukunika isisombululo esigqwesileyo somfanekiso xa kuthelekiswa nee-CT scanners zemveli. Olu phuculo lobuchwepheshe lunciphisa imida ebangelwa yi-calcifications, lubonelela ngemifanekiso ecacileyo nechanekileyo yemithambo yentliziyo. Ngokunciphisa impembelelo yezinto zakudala, i-PCCT inceda ekunciphiseni iinkqubo zokungenelela ezingeyomfuneko kwaye iphucula ukuthembeka kokuxilonga.
Ukuqhubela phambili ukuChaneka kokuHlola
I-PCCT ikwagqwesa ekwahlukaniseni phakathi kwezicubu ezahlukeneyo kunye nezinto, idlula amandla e-CT eqhelekileyo. Umngeni omkhulu kwi-CTCA kukubona imithambo yentliziyo equlethe ii-stents zesinyithi, ezidla ngokwenziwa ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo. Ezi stents zinokwenza izinto ezininzi kwi-CT scans zendabuko, zifihle iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo.
Ngenxa yesisombululo sayo esiphezulu kunye nobuchule obuphambili bokunciphisa izinto ezenziweyo, i-PCCT inika imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe yee-coronary stents. Olu phuculo luvumela oogqirha ukuba bavavanye ii-stents ngokuzithemba okukhulu, nto leyo ephucula ukuchaneka kokuxilongwa kunye nokuphucula iziphumo zesigulana.
Uxilongo oluLungileyo ngoDibaniso lwe-AI
Ukudibanisa i-Photon Counting Computed Tomography (PCCT) kunye nobukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI) kunye nokufunda koomatshini kuguqula iinkqubo zokujonga izifo. Ii-algorithms eziqhutywa yi-AI zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekutolikeni ii-PCCT scans ngokuqaphela ngokufanelekileyo iipateni kunye nokufumanisa izinto ezingaqhelekanga, nto leyo enceda kakhulu iingcali ze-radiology. Le ntsebenziswano iphucula ukuchaneka kunye nesantya sokuxilongwa, nto leyo ekhokelela ekunyamekelweni kwezigulane okusebenzayo nokulula.
Uphuhliso oluqhutywa yi-AI kwiMifanekiso
Imifanekiso yezonyango ingena kwinqanaba lokutshintsha, eliqhutywa yi-AI-enhanced PCCT kunye neenkqubo zeTesla MRI eziphambili. Kwizigulane ezirhanelwa ukuba zivalelekile kwimithambo yentliziyo okanye ii-stents ezifakelweyo, i-PCCT inika iiskeni ezichanekileyo ngokumangalisayo, inciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwiindlela zokuxilonga ezihlaselayo. Isisombululo sayo esingenakuthelekiswa nanto kunye nobuchule bokufota obune-multispectral bunceda ekufumaneni kwangethuba iithumba ezincinci njenge-2 mm, ukwahluka kwezicubu ngokuchanekileyo, kunye nokuxilongwa okuphuculweyo komhlaza.
Kwabo basengozini yesifo semiphunga, njengabantu abatshayayo, i-PCCT inika indlela esebenzayo yokuchonga iithumba zemiphunga kwangethuba, konke oku kubeka izigulane kwindawo enobungozi kakhulu—xa kuthelekiswa nee-X-ray ezimbini zesifuba. Okwangoku, i-Tesla MRI ephezulu ibonakalisa ukubaluleka okukhulu kubantu abadala ngokuvumela ukubonwa kwangoko kweemeko ezifana nokukhubazeka okuncinci kwengqondo, i-osteoarthritis, kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinxulumene nobudala, ekugqibeleni kuphucula umgangatho wobomi ngokungenelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ingcinga Entsha Kwimifanekiso Yezonyango
Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AI kunye nobuchwepheshe bemifanekiso obuphambili obufana ne-PCCT kunye ne-Tesla MRI ephezulu kubonisa inyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuxilongweni kwezonyango. Ezi zinto zintsha zibonelela ngokuchanekileyo okukhulu, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphuculweyo, kunye nokhuseleko oluphuculweyo, zibumba ikamva apho iziphumo zesigulane zingcono kunangaphambili. Eli xesha litsha lokugqwesa ekuxilongweni livula indlela yezisombululo zonyango ezenzelwe wena kwaye ezisebenzayo.
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Ixesha leposi: Disemba-01-2024
