Kule veki, i-IAEA iququzelele intlanganiso eyenzeka ngekhompyutha ukujongana nenkqubela phambili ekunciphiseni iingozi ezinxulumene nemitha kwizigulana ezifuna imifanekiso yezonyango rhoqo, ngelixa iqinisekisa ukugcinwa kweenzuzo. Kule ntlanganiso, ababekho baxoxe ngamaqhinga okuqinisa izikhokelo zokhuseleko lwezigulana kunye nokusebenzisa izisombululo zobuchwepheshe zokujonga imbali yokuvezwa kwesigulana. Ngaphezu koko, baphonononge amanyathelo ehlabathi ajolise ekuphuculeni rhoqo ukhuseleko lwemitha kwizigulana.
"Yonke imihla, izigidi zezigulana ziyazuza kwimifanekiso yokuxilonga efana ne-computed tomography (CT), ii-X-ray, (ezizaliswa yi-contrast media kwaye ngokubanzi iintlobo ezine ze-"ii-injectors ezicinezelwe kakhulu: Inaliti enye ye-CT, I-CT head injector ezimbini, Inaliti ye-MRIkunyeI-Angiography or I-DSA yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-contrast media injector(ikwabizwa ngokuba “ilebhu yekati“),kunye nesirinji kunye neetyhubhu), kunye neenkqubo zokungenelela ezikhokelwa yimifanekiso, iinkqubo zonyango lwenyukliya, kodwa ngokusetyenziswa okwandisiweyo kwemifanekiso yemitha, kuvela inkxalabo malunga nokwanda kokuvezwa kwemitha kwizigulana,” utshilo uPeter Johnston, uMlawuli weCandelo leMisebe, uThutho kunye noKhuseleko lweNkunkuma le-IAEA. “Kubalulekile ukumisela amanyathelo acacileyo okuphucula izizathu zokuthathwa kwemifanekiso kunye nokwenza ngcono ukukhuselwa kwemitha kwisigulana ngasinye esifumana unyango olunjalo.”
Kwihlabathi liphela, iinkqubo zonyango lwe-radiological kunye ne-nuclear diagnostic ezingaphezu kwe-4 yeebhiliyoni zenziwa minyaka le. Iingenelo zezi nkqubo zidlula kakhulu naziphi na iingozi ze-radiation xa zenziwa ngokuhambelana nezizathu zonyango, zisebenzisa ukuvezwa okuncinci okufunekayo ukuze kufezekiswe iinjongo zokuxilongwa okanye zonyango ezifunekayo.
Umlinganiselo wemitha ophuma kwinkqubo yokufota nganye uhlala uncinci, uhlala uhluka ukusuka kwi-0.001 mSv ukuya kwi-20-25 mSv, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwenkqubo. Eli nqanaba lokuvezwa lifana nemitha engasemva abantu abadibana nayo ngokwendalo kwixesha leentsuku eziliqela ukuya kwiminyaka embalwa. UJenia Vassileva, iNgcali yoKhuseleko lweMitha kwi-IAEA, ulumkisile ukuba iingozi ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nemitha zinokwanda xa isigulana senza uthotho lweenkqubo zokufota ezibandakanya ukuvezwa kwimitha, ingakumbi ukuba zenzeka ngokulandelelana.
Iingcali ezingaphezu kwama-90 ezivela kumazwe angama-40, imibutho yamazwe ngamazwe eli-11 kunye nemibutho yobungcali bezizimase le ntlanganiso ukususela nge-19 ukuya kwi-23 ka-Okthobha. Abathathi-nxaxheba babequka iingcali zokukhusela imitha, iingcali zemitha, oogqirha bezonyango zenyukliya, oogqirha, iingcali zefiziksi zonyango, iingcali zemitha, iingcali ze-radiobiologists, iingcali ze-epidemiologists, abaphandi, abavelisi kunye nabameli bezigulana.
Ukulandelela ukuvezwa kwemitha yezigulane
Amaxwebhu achanekileyo nahambelanayo, ingxelo, kunye nohlalutyo lweedosi zemitha ezifunyenwe zizigulana kwiindawo zonyango zinokuphucula ulawulo lweedosi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ulwazi lokuxilonga. Ukusebenzisa idatha erekhodiweyo evela kwiimviwo zangaphambili kunye needosi ezinikwe umntu kunokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukuvezwa okungeyomfuneko.
UMadan M. Rehani, uMlawuli weGlobal Outreach for Radiation Protection kwiMassachusetts General Hospital eMelika kunye noSihlalo wentlanganiso, utyhile ukuba ukusetyenziswa okwandisiweyo kweenkqubo zokujonga ukuvezwa kwemitha kunike idatha ebonisa ukuba inani lezigulana eziqokelela idosi esebenzayo ye-100 mSv nangaphezulu kwiminyaka eliqela ngenxa yeenkqubo ze-computed tomography eziphindaphindwayo liphezulu kunokuba bekuqikelelwe ngaphambili. Uqikelelo lwehlabathi lumi kwisigidi sezigulane ngonyaka. Ngaphezu koko, ugxininise ukuba isigulane esinye kwisihlanu ngasinye kolu didi kulindeleke ukuba sibe ngaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, ephakamisa inkxalabo malunga nemiphumo enokubakho yemitha, ingakumbi kwabo banethuba elide lokuphila ubomi kunye namathuba aphezulu omhlaza ngenxa yokwanda kokuvezwa kwemitha.
Indlela Eya Phambili
Abathathi-nxaxheba bafikelele kwisivumelwano sokuba kukho imfuneko yenkxaso ephuculweyo nesebenzayo kwizigulana ezijongene nezifo ezingapheliyo kunye neemeko ezifuna ukufota rhoqo. Bavumelana ngokubaluleka kokusebenzisa ngokubanzi ukulandelela ukuchatshazelwa yimitha kunye nokuyidibanisa nezinye iinkqubo zolwazi lwezempilo ukuze kufezekiswe iziphumo ezilungileyo. Ngaphezu koko, bagxininise imfuneko yokuqhubela phambili uphuhliso lwezixhobo zokufota ezisebenzisa iidosi ezincitshisiweyo kunye nezixhobo zesoftware yokujonga idosi eqhelekileyo ukuze isetyenziswe kwihlabathi liphela.
Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwezi zixhobo ziphambili akuxhomekekanga kuphela koomatshini nakwiinkqubo eziphuculweyo, kodwa kubuchule babasebenzisi abafana noogqirha, iingcali zefiziksi zonyango, kunye neengcali. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba bafumane uqeqesho olufanelekileyo nolwazi oluhlaziyiweyo malunga neengozi zemitha, batshintshiselane ngolwazi, kwaye banxibelelane ngokukhululekileyo nezigulana kunye nabanakekeli malunga neenzuzo kunye neengozi ezinokubakho.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-27-2023
