Sonke siyazi ukuba iimvavanyo zokuxilonga zonyango, kubandakanywa i-X-reyi, i-ultrasound,I-MRI, iyeza lenyukliya kunye nee-X-reyi, zibalulekile iindlela ezincedisayo zovavanyo lokuxilonga kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuchongeni izifo ezingapheliyo kunye nokulwa nokusasazeka kwezifo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, okufanayo kusebenza kwabasetyhini abanokukhulelwa okuqinisekisiweyo okanye okungaqinisekisiweyo.Nangona kunjalo, xa ezi ndlela zokucinga zisetyenziselwa abafazi abakhulelweyo okanye abancancisayo, abantu abaninzi baya kuba nexhala malunga nengxaki, ngaba iya kuchaphazela impilo yomntwana okanye umntwana? Ngaba kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingakumbi kubafazi abanjalo ngokwabo?
Ngokwenene kuxhomekeke kwimeko. Iingcali zeradiology kunye nababoneleli ngezempilo banolwazi ngemifanekiso yezonyango kunye nemingcipheko yokuvezwa kwemitha kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nosana olungekazalwa. Ngokomzekelo, iX-reyi yesifuba ibeka usana olungekazalwa kwimitha esasazekileyo, ngoxa i<em>X-reyi yesisu ibeka ibhinqa elikhulelweyo esichengeni semitha yokuqala. Ngelixa ukuvezwa kwemitha kwezi ndlela zonyango kusenokuba kuncinci, ukuqhubeka nokuba sesichengeni kunokuba neziphumo eziyingozi kumama kunye nosana olungekazalwa. Elona thamo lokusasazeka ngemitha liphezulu abasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanokubekwa kulo li-100msV
Kodwa kwakhona, le mifanekiso yonyango ingaba luncedo kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo, ukunceda oogqirha ukuba babonelele ngoxilongo oluchanekileyo kunye nokumisela iziyobisi ezifanelekileyo. Ngapha koko, ibalulekile kwimpilo yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye neentsana zabo ezingekazalwa.
Ziziphi iingozi kunye nemilinganiselo yokhuseleko yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokucinga zonyango?Makhe siyihlolisise loo nto.
Amanyathelo
1.CT
CT ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwemitha ye-ionizing kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhulelweni, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-CT scans kwanda ngama-25% ukusuka kwi-2010 ukuya ku-2020, ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezigunyazisiweyo ezifanelekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba i-CT inxulunyaniswa ne-fetal radiation exposure ephezulu, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela ezinye iinketho xa kuqwalaselwa ukusetyenziswa kwe-CT kwizigulane ezikhulelweyo. Ukhuselo lwelothe luyimfuneko yokhuseleko lokunciphisa umngcipheko wemitha ye-CT.
Zeziphi ezona ndlela zingcono kune-CT?
I-MRI ithathwa njengeyona ndlela ingcono kwi-CT. Akukho bungqina bokuba iidosi zemitha ezingaphantsi kwe-100 mGy ngexesha lokukhulelwa zinxulunyaniswa nokwanda kwezehlo zokuzalwa kakubi, ukuzala, ukuphuphuma kwezisu, ukukhula, okanye ukukhubazeka kwengqondo.
2.MRI
Xa kuthelekiswa ne-CT, inzuzo enkulu yeI-MRIkukuba inokukhangela izicubu ezinzulu kunye nezithambileyo emzimbeni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imitha ye-ionizing, ngoko akukho zithintelo okanye ukuphikisana kwizigulana ezikhulelweyo.
Nanini na xa kukho iindlela ezimbini zokucinga, i-MRI kufuneka iqwalaselwe kwaye ikhethwe ngenxa yezinga layo elisezantsi lokungabonakali. Nangona ezinye izifundo zibonise iziphumo zethiyori yomntwana xa usebenzisa i-MRI, efana ne-teratogenicity, ukufudumeza kwezicubu, kunye nomonakalo we-acoustic, akukho bungqina bokuba i-MRI inokuba yingozi kumntwana. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-CT, i-MRI inomfanekiso ochaneke ngakumbi kwaye ngokwaneleyo umfanekiso wezicubu ezithambileyo ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwe-agent echaseneyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ii-agent ezisekelwe kwi-gadolinium, enye yezona zinto zimbini ezichaseneyo ezisetyenziswa kwi-MRI, zibonakaliswe ukuba ziyingozi kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo ngamanye amaxesha baye bafumane ukusabela okumandundu kumajelo osasazo ahlukeneyo, njengokuphinda ukwehla kade kwesantya, i-bradycardia yomntwana ixesha elide, kunye nokubeleka phambi kwexesha.
3. I-Ultrasonography
I-Ultrasound nayo ayivelisi imitha ye-ionizing. Akuzange kubekho iingxelo zeklinikhi zemiphumo emibi yeenkqubo ze-ultrasound kwizigulane ezikhulelweyo kunye nabantwana babo.
Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound lugubungela ntoni abasetyhini abakhulelweyo? Okokuqala, inokuqinisekisa ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo ukhulelwe ngokwenene; Jonga iminyaka kunye nokukhula kombungu kwaye ubale umhla omiselweyo, kwaye ujonge ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana, ithoni yemisipha, intshukumo, kunye nophuhliso lulonke. Ukongezelela, jonga enoba umama ukhulelwe amawele, amawele amathathu okanye ngaphezulu, khangela enoba imveku engekazalwa ikwindawo yokuqala na ngaphambi kokuba ibeleke, uze ujonge enoba ama-ovari kunye nesibeleko sikanina ziqhelekile kusini na.
Ukuqukumbela, xa oomatshini be-ultrasound kunye nezixhobo ziqulunqwe ngokuchanekileyo, iinkqubo ze-ultrasound azifaki ingozi kwimpilo kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana.
4. Imitha yeNyukliya
Umfanekiso weyeza leNyukliya ubandakanya ukutofwa kweradiopharma kwisigulana, ethi isasazwe kuwo wonke umzimba kwaye ikhuphe imitha yemitha kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo emzimbeni. Oomama abaninzi bayaxhalaba xa besiva igama elithi imitha yenyukliya, kodwa ukuchanabeka kwemitha yosana olungekazalwa kunye neyeza lenyukliya kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, njengokukhutshelwa kukanina, ukufunxwa kweradiopharmaceuticals, nokusasazwa komntwana wamayeza eradiopharmaceuticals, ithamo lemitha yemitha yemitha, nohlobo lwemitha yemitha. kukhutshwa ziitracer ezine-radioactive, kwaye azinakwenziwa ngokubanzi.
Ukuqukumbela
Ngamafutshane, umfanekiso wezonyango unika ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga neemeko zempilo. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa, umzimba wowesifazane utshintsha rhoqo kwaye usengozini kwizifo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezifo. Uxilongo kunye namayeza afanelekileyo kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yabo kunye neyeentsana zabo ezingekazalwa. Ukuze kwenziwe izigqibo ezingcono, ezinolwazi oluthe chatha, ii-radiologists kunye nezinye iingcali zonyango ezifanelekileyo kufuneka ziqonde ngokupheleleyo iinzuzo kunye neziphumo ezibi zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokucinga zonyango kunye nokuvezwa kwemitha kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Nanini na xa izigulane ezikhulelweyo kunye ne-fetus yazo zisesichengeni semitha ngexesha lokucinga kwezonyango, ii-radiologists kunye noogqirha kufuneka banike imigaqo ecacileyo kwinkqubo nganye. Imingcipheko yosana olunxulumene nokucinga kwezonyango luquka ukukhula okucothayo nokukhula komntwana, ukuphunyelwa sisisu, ukungahambi kakuhle komntwana, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwengqondo, ukukhula okungaqhelekanga ebantwaneni, kunye nophuhliso lwengqondo. Inkqubo yomfanekiso wezonyango ayinakubangela ingozi kwizigulane ezikhulelweyo kunye nabantwana. Nangona kunjalo, ukuvezwa ngokuqhubekayo kunye nexesha elide kwimitha kunye nemifanekiso kunokuba nemiphumo eyingozi kwizigulana nakwiimveku. Ke ngoko, ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko wokubonwa kwezonyango kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwe-fetus ngexesha lenkqubo yokuxilonga, onke amaqela kufuneka aqonde inqanaba lemingcipheko yemitha kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zokukhulelwa.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-27-2024
