Hlola iiNdlela eziguqukayo kwiTekhnoloji yokuFota ngezonyango yeDijithali

Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yekhompyutha yanamhlanje luqhuba inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yemifanekiso yezonyango yedijithali. Imifanekiso yemolekyuli sisifundo esitsha esiphuhliswe ngokudibanisa ibhayoloji yemolekyuli kunye nemifanekiso yezonyango yanamhlanje. Yahlukile kwitekhnoloji yemifanekiso yezonyango yakudala. Ngokwesiqhelo, iindlela zemifanekiso yezonyango zakudala zibonisa iziphumo zokugqibela zotshintsho lweemolekyuli kwiiseli zabantu, zifumanisa izinto ezingaqhelekanga emva kokuba kwenziwe utshintsho lwe-anatomical. Nangona kunjalo, i-molecular imaging inokufumanisa utshintsho kwiiseli kwinqanaba lokuqala lesifo ngeendlela ezithile zovavanyo ngokusebenzisa ezinye izixhobo ezintsha kunye nee-reagents ngaphandle kokubangela utshintsho lwe-anatomical, ezinokunceda oogqirha baqonde uphuhliso lwezifo zezigulane. Ke ngoko, ikwasisixhobo esincedisayo esisebenzayo sokuvavanya amayeza kunye nokuxilongwa kwesifo.

1. Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yemifanekiso yedijithali eqhelekileyo

1.1I-Radiography yeKhompyutha (CR)

Itekhnoloji yeCR irekhoda ii-X-reyi ngebhodi yomfanekiso, ivuselela ibhodi yomfanekiso nge-laser, iguqula isignali yokukhanya ekhutshwa yibhodi yomfanekiso ibe lunxibelelwano ngezixhobo ezikhethekileyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni icwangcisa kwaye ithathe imifanekiso ngoncedo lwekhompyutha. Yahlukile kumayeza emitha yendabuko kuba iCR isebenzisa i-IP endaweni yefilimu njengomthwali, ngoko ke itekhnoloji yeCR idlala indima yotshintsho kwinkqubo yenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yanamhlanje yemithi yemitha.

1.2 I-Rediography ethe ngqo (DR)

Kukho umahluko phakathi kokuthatha imifanekiso ye-X-ray ngqo kunye noomatshini be-X-ray bemveli. Okokuqala, indlela yokuthatha imifanekiso yefilimu ebonakalisa ukukhanya ithathelwa indawo ngokuguqula ulwazi lube luphawu olunokubonwa yikhompyutha ngumtshini wokuxilonga. Okwesibini, ukusebenzisa umsebenzi wenkqubo yekhompyutha ukucubungula imifanekiso yedijithali, yonke inkqubo isebenza ngombane ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo enika lula kwicala lezonyango.

I-Linear radiography inokwahlulwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu ngokwee-detectors ezahlukeneyo ezisebenzisayo. I-Direct digital imaging, i-detector yayo yi-silicon plate e-amorphous, xa ithelekiswa nokuguqulwa kwamandla angathanga ngqo. Kwisisombululo sendawo iluncedo ngakumbi; Kwi-indirect digital imaging, ii-detectors ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zezi: i-cesium iodide, i-gadolinium oxide yesalfure, i-cesium iodide/i-Gadolinium oxide yesalfure + ilensi/i-optical fiber +CCD/CMOS kunye ne-cesium iodide/i-Gadolinium oxide yesalfure + CMOS; I-Image intensifier Digital X photographic system,

Isixhobo sokubona i-CCD ngoku sisetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkqubo ye-digital gastrointestinal kunye nenkqubo enkulu ye-angiography

2. Iindlela zophuhliso lwetekhnoloji eziphambili zemifanekiso yedijithali yezonyango

2.1 Inkqubela yamva nje ye-CR

1) Ukuphuculwa kwebhodi yomfanekiso. Izinto ezintsha ezisetyenzisiweyo kwisakhiwo sepleyiti yomfanekiso ziyayinciphisa kakhulu into yokusasazeka kwe-fluorescence, kwaye ubukhali bomfanekiso kunye nesisombululo seenkcukacha ziyaphucuka, ngoko ke umgangatho womfanekiso uphuculwe kakhulu.

2) Ukuphuculwa kwendlela yokuskena. Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji yokuskena imigca endaweni yeteknoloji yokuskena indawo ebhabhayo kunye nokusebenzisa i-CCD njengomqokeleli wemifanekiso, ixesha lokuskena ngokucacileyo lifutshane.

3) Isoftware emva kokucubungula iyaqiniswa kwaye iphuculwe. Ngokuphucuka kobuchwepheshe bekhompyutha, abavelisi abaninzi bazise iintlobo ngeentlobo zesoftware. Ngokusebenzisa ezi software, ezinye iindawo ezingaphelelanga zomfanekiso zinokuphucuka kakhulu, okanye ukulahleka kweenkcukacha zomfanekiso kungancitshiswa, ukuze kufunyanwe umfanekiso othambileyo.

4) I-CR iyaqhubeka nokukhula kwicala lomsebenzi weklinikhi ofana nowe-DR. Ngokufana nomsebenzi we-DR omiselweyo, i-CR inokufaka isixhobo sokufunda kwigumbi ngalinye le-radiography okanye kwi-operating console; Ngokufana nokuveliswa komfanekiso ngokuzenzekelayo yi-DR, inkqubo yokwakha kwakhona umfanekiso kunye nokuskena nge-laser igqitywa ngokuzenzekelayo.

2.2 Inkqubela phambili yophando lweTekhnoloji ye-DR

1) Inkqubela phambili kwimifanekiso yedijithali ye-non-crystalline silicon kunye ne-amorphous selenium flat panel detectors. Utshintsho olukhulu lwenzeka kwisakhiwo se-crystal arrangement, ngokophando, isakhiwo senaliti kunye ne-columnar se-amorphous silicon kunye ne-amorphous selenium zinokunciphisa ukusasazeka kwe-X-ray, ukuze ubukhali kunye nokucaca komfanekiso kuphuculwe.

2) Inkqubela phambili kwimifanekiso yedijithali ye-CMOS flat panel detectors. Umaleko womgca we-fluorescent we-CM0S flat detector unokuvelisa imigca ye-fluorescent ehambelana nomsebe we-X-ray owenzekileyo, kwaye isignali ye-fluorescent ibanjwa yi-CMOS chip kwaye ekugqibeleni ikhuliswe kwaye icutshungulwe. Ke ngoko, isisombululo sendawo se-M0S planar detector siphezulu njenge-6.1LP/m, esisisixhobo esinomgangatho ophezulu. Nangona kunjalo, isantya sokufota esicothayo senkqubo siye saba bubuthathaka be-CMOS flat panel detectors.

3) I-CCD digital imaging iye yaphucuka. I-CCD imaging kwizinto, ulwakhiwo, kunye nokucubungula imifanekiso iphuculwe, ngokusebenzisa isakhiwo esitsha senaliti se-X-ray scintillator material, i-high clearness kunye ne-high power optical combination mirror kunye ne-filling coefficient ye-100% CCD chip imaging sensitivity, i-imaging clearness kunye ne-resolution ziphuculwe.

4) Ukusetyenziswa kwe-DR eklinikhi kunamathuba abanzi. Idosi ephantsi, umonakalo omncinci wemitha kubasebenzi bezonyango kunye nobomi benkonzo ende yesixhobo zonke ezi ziingenelo zobuchwepheshe be-DR Imaging. Ke ngoko, i-DR Imaging ineengenelo ekuhlolweni kwesifuba, amathambo kunye namabele kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ezinye iingxaki zixabiso eliphezulu.

3. Itekhnoloji yanamhlanje yemifanekiso yedijithali yezonyango — imifanekiso yemolekyuli

I-Molecular imaging kukusetyenziswa kweendlela zokuthatha imifanekiso ukuqonda iimolekyuli ezithile kwinqanaba lezicubu, leeseli kunye neleeseli ezingaphantsi, ezinokubonisa utshintsho kwinqanaba leemolekyuli kwimeko yokuphila. Kwangaxeshanye, singasebenzisa obu buchwephesha ukuhlola ulwazi lobomi emzimbeni womntu olungelula ukulufumana, kunye nokufumana uxilongo kunye nonyango oluhambelana nalo kwinqanaba lokuqala lesifo.

4. Uphuhliso lweteknoloji yedijithali yezonyango

Ukwenziwa kwemifanekiso ngemolekyuli yeyona ndlela iphambili yophando lwetekhnoloji yemifanekiso yedijithali yezonyango, enokuba yindlela yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yemifanekiso yezonyango. Kwangaxeshanye, ukwenziwa kwemifanekiso ngeklasikhi njengobuchwepheshe obuqhelekileyo, kusenamandla amakhulu.

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