Njengokuba abacwangcisi bezixeko becwangcisa ngononophelo ukuhamba kwezithuthi kwiindawo zesixeko, iiseli zilawula ngononophelo ukuhamba kweemolekyuli kwimida yazo yenyukliya. Zisebenza njengabagcini beemoto ezincinci, ii-nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) ezifakwe kwi-membrane yenyukliya zigcina ulawulo oluchanekileyo kolu rhwebo lweemolekyuli. Umsebenzi omangalisayo ovela eTexas A&M Health utyhila ukukhetha okuntsonkothileyo kwale nkqubo, okunokubonelela ngeembono ezintsha malunga neengxaki ze-neurodegenerative kunye nophuhliso lomhlaza.
Ukulandelela Okutsha Kweendlela Zemolekyuli
Iqela lophando likaGqr. Siegfried Musser kwiKholeji yezonyango yaseTexas A&M liqalise uphando malunga nokudluliselwa ngokukhawuleza, okungenazingxabano kweemolekyuli ngokusebenzisa umqobo we-membrane ephindwe kabini yenucleus. Ushicilelo lwabo olubalulekileyo lweNature luchaza iziphumo eziguqulweyo ezenziwe nokwenzeka yiteknoloji ye-MINFLUX - indlela ephucukileyo yokufota ekwaziyo ukubamba iintshukumo ze-molekyuli ze-3D ezenzeka kwii-milliseconds kwizikali ezimalunga ne-100,000 ezicokisekileyo kunobubanzi beenwele zomntu. Ngokuchaseneyo neengcinga zangaphambili malunga neendlela ezahluliweyo, uphando lwabo lubonisa ukuba iinkqubo zokungenisa nokuthumela izinto zenyukliya zabelana ngeendlela ezihambelanayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo se-NPC.
Iingxaki Ezimangalisayo Zokufumanisa Izinto Ezikhoyo
Izinto eziqwalaselwe liqela zityhile iipatheni zendlela ezingalindelekanga: iimolekyuli zihamba kwicala ngalinye ngokusebenzisa imijelo exineneyo, zijikelezana endaweni yokulandela iindlela ezinikezelweyo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, la masuntswana agxila kufutshane neendonga zemijelo, eshiya indawo ephakathi ingenanto, ngelixa inkqubela yawo icotha kakhulu - malunga ne-1,000 amaxesha kancinci kunentshukumo engathintelwanga - ngenxa yothungelwano lweeproteni ezithintelayo ezidala imeko-bume ene-syrup.
UMusser uchaza oku “njengemeko yendlela enzima kakhulu enokucingelwa – ukuhamba ngeendlela ezimbini kwiindlela ezimxinwa.” Uyavuma, “Izinto esizifumanisileyo zibonisa indibaniselwano engalindelekanga yamathuba, nto leyo ebonisa ubunzima obukhulu kunokuba besicinga.”
Ukusebenza Kakuhle Nangona Kukho Imiqobo
Okumangalisayo kukuba, iinkqubo zothutho ze-NPC zibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle okumangalisayo nangona kukho le miqobo. UMusser uqikelela ukuba, “Ubuninzi bendalo be-NPC bunokuthintela ukusebenza ngokugqithisileyo, bunciphise ngempumelelo ukuphazamiseka kokhuphiswano kunye neengozi zokuvaleka.” Olu phawu loyilo oluyindalo lubonakala luthintela ukuvaleka kweemolekyuli, Apha'inguqulelo ebhalwe ngokutsha ene-syntax eyahlukileyo, isakhiwo, kunye nokuqhekeka kwesiqendu ngelixa igcina intsingiselo yokuqala:
Itrafikhi yeMolekyuli Ithatha Indlela Eyahlukileyo: IiNPC Zityhila Iindlela Ezifihlakeleyo
Endaweni yokuhamba ngqo kwi-NPC'Kwi-axis esembindini, iimolekyuli zibonakala zihamba ngenye yeendlela ezisibhozo ezikhethekileyo zothutho, nganye ibotshelelwe kwisakhiwo esifana nesithethi ecaleni kwembobo.'isangqa sangaphandle. Olu lungiselelo lwendawo lubonisa indlela yokwakha esisiseko enceda ekulawuleni ukuhamba kweemolekyuli.
UMusser ucacisa athi,“Nangona iimbobo zenyukliya zemvubelo ziyaziwa ukuba ziqulathe'iplagi ephakathi,'Ukwakheka kwayo ngokuchanekileyo kusahleli kuyimfihlakalo. Kwiiseli zomntu, olu phawu lune'Akukhange kubonwe, kodwa ukwahlulwahlulwa okusebenzayo kunokwenzeka—kunye nembobo'Iziko le-s linokusebenza njengendlela ephambili yokuthumela ngaphandle i-mRNA."
Unxibelelwano lweZifo kunye nemingeni yoNyango
Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwi-NPC—isango elibalulekileyo leselula—iye yanxulunyaniswa neengxaki ezinkulu zemithambo-luvo, kuquka i-ALS (uLou Gehrig).'isifo sika-Alzheimer),'kunye noHuntington'isifo sika-NPC. Ukongeza, ukwanda komsebenzi worhwebo lwe-NPC kunxulunyaniswa nokukhula komhlaza. Nangona ukujolisa kwiindawo ezithile zeembobo kunokunceda ngokwethiyori ukuvala ukuvaleka okanye ukucothisa ukuthutha okugqithisileyo, uMusser ulumkisa ukuba ukuphazamisa umsebenzi we-NPC kuneengozi, ngenxa yendima yayo ebalulekileyo ekusindeni kweeseli.
“Kufuneka sahlule phakathi kweziphene ezinxulumene nezothutho kunye nemiba enxulumene ne-NPC'ukuhlanganiswa okanye ukuqhekeka,"uphawula.“Nangona uninzi lwezifo lusenokuba luwela kolu didi lokugqibela, kukho iimeko ezahlukileyo—njenge-c9orf72 gene mutations kwi-ALS, ezidala ii-aggregates ezithintela i-pore ngokwasemzimbeni."
Imiyalelo Yexesha Elizayo: Ukumapha Iindlela Zemithwalo kunye Nokufota Iiseli Eziphilayo
UMusser kunye nomlingani wakhe uGqr. Abhishek Sau, waseTexas A&M'I-Joint Microscopy Lab, iceba ukuphanda ukuba ngaba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithwalo—njengee-ribosomal subunits kunye ne-mRNA—Balandela iindlela ezizodwa okanye badibana kwiindlela ezabelwana ngazo. Umsebenzi wabo oqhubekayo namaqabane aseJamani (i-EMBL kunye ne-Abberior Instruments) unokulungelelanisa i-MINFLUX ukuze ifumane imifanekiso yexesha langempela kwiiseli eziphilayo, nto leyo enika imibono engazange ibonwe ngaphambili yendlela yokuthutha inyukliya.
Olu phononongo, oluxhaswa yinkxaso-mali ye-NIH, luyitshintsha indlela esiqonda ngayo izinto eziphathwayo, lubonisa indlela ii-NPC ezigcina ngayo ucwangco kwisixeko esikhulu esixakekileyo se-nucleus.
Ixesha leposi: Matshi-25-2025
